Most business consultants will tell you to, “Write a comprehensive business plan if you want your business to succeed.” And, of course, they are right. You do not plan a long driving trip without a good map and a route to get to your destination: you cannot start, manage and effectively grow a Company without a good map and route to your destination.
On the other hand, sometimes too much effort and time is spent on perfecting the business plan way too early in the process of getting your business up and running: time that could be better spent in actually getting the business “up and running!” And, just as on a long trip, occasionally you need to take detours because road or weather conditions change. So it is in the world of running a business: detours are often needed and conditions change so that what seemed like a good idea yesterday, may not be achievable today. And, those changed conditions may be due to circumstances totally out of your control. It may be time to change your route.
Usually, the original business plan that is written for a business changes dramatically as events unfold as the company is founded, customers found, products (or services) refined and economic conditions change. As these “discoveries” are made, if much time was spent on perfecting the original business plan, then more time will need to be spent changing the plan and it no longer becomes a road map, but rather a document that traces your route after the fact.
Don’t misunderstand: I believe strongly in a well thought out, researched business plan. As a company grows, employs more people and customers, a business Plan is a necessity. But, I also like, especially in the early stages of development of a business idea, a shortened version which I call the “Business Plan at a Glance.”
A Plan at a Glance is a short (maximum several) page bulleted description/summary of your business plan idea. It can, and probably should, become the skeleton of your more extensive plan later, but as your real Business Plan is evolving, the Plan at a Glance helps you stay focused, conserves time and acts as a straight forward reminder of your business. It can also be used as a daily reminder to you of what your business is REALLY all about (sometimes you need to nudge yourself back to reality) and as a short communication device for others.
Following are elements you need to address in your Plan at a Glance:
1. Your Mission. This needs to be simple, succinct and really, in only a few words, explain to the reader why your business exists.
2. Ownership/Management Structure. Who makes the decisions? Who hires/fires? Who runs your operations? Who is responsible for sales, marketing, accounting, finance, etc.? In start-up companies these tasks are often done by the same person, so early on, this section may be quite simple, but placing responsibility for these activities will avoid Keystone Cop routines when crises arise and will also assure that needed activities at least have a “home base” as growth gets hectic.
3. Purpose Statement. Why are you in business? Make this general enough to include your product and service offerings, but not so general as to not describe exactly what you are doing by owning a company. What is your real purpose for being in business?
4. Markets served. To which groups of customers will you sell your products and services?
5. Services and Products. This one or two sentence statement tells the reader what products and services you provide (that sounds simple, huh?). But list them all, widgets, repair service for your widgets, training, etc., etc.
6. Marketing Tactics. Describe how you think you will get the word out that your company exists and offers products and services that others may want to buy? Will you advertise, do free seminars, use “word of mouth,” shout it from the tree tops, blog it, attend trade shows, post it on Facebook, try eBay, etc., etc.? Include any ideas you might have regarding “branding” your products (more on branding in a future article).
7. Sales Tactics. How do you expect to actually sell your product? What I mean is what steps will you take to get someone to pry out their wallet, open it and give you some of their actual cash? This should be the foundation for your sales process later on which will be a formal workflow description of how sales people are to approach the buying public and get from “introduction” to close to payment.
8. Core Values. In Built To Last, the authors, Jim Collins and Jerry Porras tell us that every successful company that they studied had a written statement that described their “core values.” Your core values tell your current and future employees what kind of person you expect them to be. Honest? Serious? Formal? Professional? Casual? Does your Company value employees? Customers? What is your level of integrity and ethics? Are you profit driven, expect to provide the highest quality? Etc., etc. These may seem like obvious traits, but as you hire new people, if you don’t tell them what kind of employees your Company has/wants/needs, how could you expect them to know? And, maybe they don’t fit your “mold.” Better to find out early on than later after damage has been done.
9. Financial needs. Where will you get the money to start and run your business? From your personal savings? Relatives and friends? Will you borrow it? Get a grant from the government or some other “help” organization? As your financial needs change as your company changes, you may need to tap into other reserves such as Angel or Venture Capital financing or maybe ever “going public.” These are all topics for future discussion: if you ever get to those points, you will need more than a Plan at a Glance for your Business Plan. You also need some way of tracking your revenues, expenses, salaries and wages, investments, etc. How will you do that? With an accountant? A simple accounting system that you manage? Don’t forget you need a checking account, and a business form (are you going to be a Corporation, a Limited Liability Company, a Partnership)? And don’t forget about Uncle Sam: he will want to know all about the financial aspects of your business so that he can get his “fair share” of the spoils later as well.
10. Adjectives you would like others to use to describe your Company. I like to do this exercise because it helps describe the core values you enumerated above. Examples include, Outstanding Attitude, Superb Quality, Excellent Value, Understanding, Visionary, Tenacious, Flexible, Professional.
11. Corporate Objectives. Describe your objectives such as Profitability, Growth, Corporate responsibility, help the needy, save the planet, etc.
12. Needs and Plans. What are your near term plans for each aspect of your business? Jot down only a few bullet points for what needs to get accomplished in Money Management, Marketing, Sales, Operations, HR and Legal. Do you need to hire more people? Now? Later? Do you need to develop new products? A better sales process? Do you need more money (which company doesn’t, huh)? Does your accounting system need improvement? Do you need to control your costs better? Do you need to improve your quality? This can become your “To Do” list of things that need to get done sooner rather than later.
13. Now you can list a set of action items that need to be completed also, sooner rather than later, and assign responsibility. Then, review your Plan at a Glance everyday and determine whether these action items are actually getting accomplished. If they aren’t, someone’s priorities are misplaced.
14. Expectations. This is the fun part. If you can accomplish everything you listed above, what do you expect will happen? What do you hope will happen? Will you increase salaries and benefits for your employees and yourself? Pay off your debts? Will you receive more prestige? Become a spokesperson in your community? Become known worldwide? Have more fun?!!
That’s it, the Plan at a Glance. Still a lot of work, but at least a foundation for your Business Plan which is easily shared with others, can be used as a quick reminder for what you should be doing and when. Carry this plan with you at all times and keep it “ever green,” changing it as needed to keep it up to date with both business conditions and your ideas for making your business more successful.